If you have swollen, tender, or bleeding gums, you may be developing periodontal disease—a dental concern that has been linked to a number of other serious health conditions. Commonly known as gum disease, periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. Ignoring it in its early stages can have significant implications for your overall health. Gum disease has been linked to heart disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and even pregnancy complications. If you show signs of the disease, you should visit a periodontist soon.
What Is Periodontal Disease?
Periodontal disease is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. This condition can cause tooth loss and is associated with an increased risk of other serious health problems. The early stage of periodontal disease is known as gingivitis, characterized by red, swollen gums that bleed easily. If left untreated, it progresses to periodontitis, a more severe form that can result in the loss of teeth.
What Causes Gum Disease?
The primary cause of periodontal disease is plaque buildup, a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that forms on your teeth. Plaque that is not removed can harden into tartar, which can be removed only by a dental professional. Other contributing factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, medications that reduce saliva flow, certain illnesses like diabetes, and conditions that cause a compromised immune system.
What Are the Symptoms of Periodontal Disease?
Recognizing the symptoms of periodontal disease early can help in seeking prompt treatment and preventing severe health issues. Common symptoms include:
- Swollen, red, or tender gums
- Gums that bleed easily, especially during brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
- Receding gums, making teeth appear longer
- Formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite
When Should You See a Periodontist?
Seeing a periodontist should be a priority if you have symptoms of periodontal disease or if you are at a higher risk due to factors like smoking, diabetes, or a family history of gum disease. Periodontists have extensive training in preventing, diagnosing and treating periodontal disease. They can provide treatments that go beyond regular dental cleanings, such as scaling and root planing, antibiotic therapies, dental implants, and even surgical procedures if necessary.
What Other Health Conditions Are Linked to Gum Disease?
Gum disease does more than affect your oral health; it has far-reaching impacts on your overall health. The bacteria from inflamed gums can enter the bloodstream and travel to major organs, initiating new infections. The disease has been linked to several serious health conditions, including:
- Cardiovascular Disease: Research indicates a strong correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Inflammation caused by gum disease may increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. The bacteria in the gums can cause inflammation throughout the body, affecting the arteries and potentially leading to heart attacks.
- Diabetes: The relationship between diabetes and periodontitis goes both ways. High blood sugar levels can make gums more susceptible to infections. Severe gum disease can make it more difficult to control blood sugar, exacerbating diabetes symptoms.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: The chronic inflammation associated with periodontal disease has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis, a condition that causes painful swelling in the joints. The connection is believed to be due to the similar inflammatory pathways shared by both diseases.
- Pregnancy Issues: Pregnant women with periodontal disease are at a higher risk of complications such as preeclampsia, low birth weight, and preterm birth. Gum inflammation and infections can trigger systemic responses that may affect the developing fetus.
By maintaining good oral hygiene and visiting a periodontist regularly, you can prevent the progression of gum disease. Don’t overlook the signs of gum disease—take action today to protect your overall health.
Newtown Dentistry’s periodontist specializes in gum disease prevention. Our office provides comprehensive assessments and treatment plans to prevent and manage gum disease, ensuring your gums stay healthy. Schedule your appointment now. Or call us anytime at 215-608-6401.